Standard Guide for
Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in
Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron
Impact Mass Spectrometry1

This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope

1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of
organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
(GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from
water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph
without alteration. The guide is intended primarily for solutions for which 1 ng or more of any component of interest can
be introduced onto a gas chromatographic column. This guide
has the advantage of providing tentative identifications of
volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is restricted to (a)
compounds for which reference spectra can be obtained and (b)
compounds that can be separated by gas chromatography (GC).
These restrictions are imposed on the guide, but are not a
limitation of the technique. The guide is written for, but not
restricted to, analysis using automated data acquisition and
handling.

1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using
ASTM Test Methods D3871, D3973, and other GC-MS
volatile/semivolatile procedures used for environmental analysis2
. A detection amount of 1 ng can only be considered
approximate. The actual detection limits for each component
must be determined in each laboratory. Actual detection
amounts will vary with the complexity of the matrix, the kind
and condition of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation
technique chosen, and the application of cleanup techniques to
the sample extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be
achieved using modern sensitive instruments or with selected
ion monitoring (SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detection estimate (IDE) and the interlaboratory quantitation estimate (IQE), follow Practices D 6091 and D 6512.

1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many
organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes
all modes of sample introduction, including injection of organic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap
techniques.

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